How Long Does Ruptured Spleen Take To Heal

( Strategy Published in Journal March 28, 2008 )

Once again the controversial Value Added Tax came into the political arena. From the perspective of public finance is critical as a tax used to finance the State approximately 40%. This explains why the Minister Velasco discomfort with the idea of \u200b\u200blowering it, it is the cornerstone of its "responsible fiscal policy" aimed at preventing shortfalls and imbalances in public expenditure program, but, more importantly, the government avoids confrontation de Velasco with economic power, because obviously this would raise other taxes to compensate for the reduction of VAT and, given the tax load that is on the Chileans, would be absurd to give a hand and take away the other would be like in the box to win a fight: him everywhere and that policy and would be best, since it is nothing less than the usual abuse policy is the regular, ongoing and systematic policy applied in Chile since the power to citizenship.

must understand the importance of this tax when the tax burden in Chile hopefully get to 17% of GDP, while in other countries, the developed-over 30 and 40%. Without this tax, in practice, there would be no state, disappear almost completely and that is certainly the interest that many have, particularly the ultra-liberal entrepreneurs and anarcho-capitalists would like to see even the word state out of the dictionary of the Royal Academy of Spain .

This clearly, Velasco would say that VAT is a tax insane mental health of Chileans, it depends on the family budget. Produces the feeling of injustice so widespread in the national spirit. There are the possibilities of employers to exempt from this tax when they buy cars or other "capital goods" on behalf of their companies, and there are the ridiculously low rates paid by companies for their profits (17%) while housewives pay 19% as purchase and taxes without paying for what they earn discounts and rebates or tax breaks that benefit entrepreneurs are in abundance. Yet

is shameful proposal to lower from 19 to 18% VAT. Is so negligible so insignificant that irritates the poor attitude of parliamentarians and shows how incapable the policy today is to improve the status of the Chilean people.

Marcel Claude, an economist.

Basmati Rice And Divirticulits

VAT Court Competition: When institutions function

( Published in Journal Strategy March 14, 2008 )

Recently, the public learned of the decision of Falabella and D & S for not following the courts to reverse the decision of the Court of Defense of Free competition, which last January, did not accept the request submitted in June 2007 by the controlling shareholders of both companies. The rejection was based on that the operation would create a company -read-dominant monopoly in the retail, department stores, supermarkets, real estate and financial business partner. That is, they produce a substantial and lasting competitive conditions in a very important market for Chilean, with adverse effects on welfare in the price, quantity and quality of traded products.

Of course, not surprising, given the lukewarm attitude of the overwhelming arguments to hand over the Tribunal, the National Economic Prosecutor, who, while recognizing the legitimacy and substance of the issues raised by the Court, at the time chose not to reject the merger because, although identified serious risks to competition, proposed mitigation measures if such merger is accepted. The contradictory behavior that shows the Prosecutor, recommending to the same arguments that it was possible to merge, given the difficulties that exist in Chile for such important institutions, to prevent the creation of monopoly markets, to fulfill her role pressure or undue influence of economic power.

On the other hand, is funny and annoying at the same time, the argument advanced by the controllers of these companies, in that this merger will allow for economies of scale that would facilitate international competition, ie have reasons of efficiency. This argument about reinventing the economic theory of monopolistic market structures, as it seeks to convince us that the formation of monopolies lowering market prices and an increase of social welfare. Monopolies have the power to effectively lower their costs, especially when in the case of retailing in Chile, are both monopsony, that is, are major powers on the side of demand for raw materials and supplies. But rather than written and theorized that these cost reductions only increase their profits and are unlikely to benefit consumers. Marcel

claude, Economist.

How Much Does It Snow In Fort Campbell

( Strategy Journal Published February 29, 2008 )

long ago is generating an explicit and media pressure, if not in the same halls of the palace of La Moneda, aimed at eliminating or significantly lower tax fuels. In this regard, the ideological alignments work like a champ. When trick-or tax cuts, business behaves with impressive discipline, since they want the taxes that exist are only privates, that is, those taps on people's income-extraordinary profits- that directly benefit from your project build wealth. The other, public, aimed at strengthening the education and health and ultimately democracy of free men, should disappear as a society of this nature undermines the dominance and control of the elite.

Given the power of the economic elite, to eventually succeed in eliminating the tax on fuel, always arguing for the poor. To the extent that it exacerbates the problem of oil, costs, inflation and loss of income of Chileans, will end up deleting it. And while the fall in oil prices, thanks to the elimination of fuel tax, will benefit more to the higher income sectors, it does not mean that it will not benefit the poorest, but obviously to a lesser extent.

Bear in mind that this tax is a disincentive car, whose use is largely responsible for the higher income sectors, and consequently, lower the tax benefit to those who today use plenty of the car and end with the only green tax that exist in Chile, the only environmental tax that penalizes the use of highly polluting products. The poorest

certainly hardly see the effect of this reduction as the monopolistic nature of markets reductions will make fuel prices go running on the road as an increase in the profits of producers and distributors. If you want to benefit the poorest sectors is not correct to eliminate this tax, but would be more useful to have special pricing policies and subsidies for goods such as rice, noodles, milk, bread, which are the most abused lower-income sectors. Marcel

claude, Economist.

How Long Before Syphilis Test Positive

Fuels Tax Real Capital and Fictitious Capital

(Published in Strategy Journal February 15, 2008)

Economists are worried and so businessmen, is breathing instability incomprehensible to the people-the world of finance. And if you wanted to give the impression that we have learned from the financial crisis, such as the famous 29 crisis, the problem is always the same: a fictitious transactions inorganic expansion of capital. Among other things, this is serious as an important part of the pension funds are deposited in financial roles of varying type and name (stocks, options, swaps), which have no counterpart in the real world, ie, more "financial wealth" that natural wealth and material goods such as forests or marine biomass.

extraction of natural wealth and the systematic diversion of surplus actual production to the financial world, it enables the magic of the huge increase in financial wealth, which has grown much faster than real income countries, reaching five times the value of global real economic output. But if all the owners of this wealth has now want to make it effective in material goods, would not have enough cars or lettuce to make it real. This fantasy is made possible by: the growing concentration of wealth that grows the capital who can go to the bag to further capitalize on its wealth and this can push up values, access to easy credit that allowed many financial operators go to the bank the bag to make speculative gains, borrowing short-term rates below the cost of the bag, the development of the AFP that capture a wealth available to fetch returns in the stock.

The problem is that this gap between reality and fiction, at some point begin to express themselves and how complicated is that it affects the economy of the flesh. First, the fictitious price of financial paper is an incentive to reallocate investment from the real to the financial and, secondly, future pensions are destroyed by the falling value of financial capital they have invested, in addition, States reallocate funds to support exchanges and investors become risk averse, slowing investment and hiring. Sadly, those who suffer the consequences of speculative booms, are also the same ones that have periods of depression. Marcel

claude, Economist.